*art*

. (Physics & Chem.) a particle emitted at high velocity from certain radioactive substances. It is identical to the helium nucleus, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. Rays of such particles are called alpha rays. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC ]

a. [ Pref. amphi- + arthrodial. ] Characterized by amphiarthrosis. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ NL., fr. Gr. 'amfi` + &unr_; a joining, &unr_; a joint. ] (Anat.) A form of articulation in which the bones are connected by intervening substance admitting slight motion; symphysis. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Gr. 'anakaqartiko`s, fr. 'anakaqai`rein to cleanse upward, i. e., by vomiting; 'ana` + kaqai`rein. See Cathartic. ] 1. (Med.) Producing vomiting or expectoration. [ archaic ] [ 1913 Webster + AS ]

n. (Med.) An anacathartic medicine; an expectorant or an emetic. [ archaic ] [ 1913 Webster + AS ]

‖n. pl. [ NL., from Gr. &unr_; without joints + -poda. See Anarthrous. ] (Zool.) One of the divisions of Articulata in which there are no jointed legs, as the annelids; -- opposed to Arthropoda. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Zool.) Having no jointed legs; pertaining to Anarthropoda. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Gr. 'a`narqros without joints, without the article; 'an priv. + 'a`rqron joint, the article. ] 1. (Gr. Gram.) Used without the article; as, an anarthrous substantive. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Zool.) Without joints, or having the joints indistinct, as some insects. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Pref. anti- + arthritic. ] (Med.) Alleviating arthritis. -- n. A remedy for alleviating arthritis. AS [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Physics) A fundamental particle which has the same mass as one of the common fundamental particles, but which has an opposite charge, and for which certain other of the properties (e. g. baryon number, strangeness) may be opposite to that of the normal particle. The antiparticle to an electron is called a positron; the antiparticle to a proton is called an antiproton; the antiparticle to a neutron is called an antineutron. When a particle and its corresponding antiparticle collide, they typically annihilate each other with the production of large quantities of energy, usually in the form of radiation. The interaction of a proton and antiproton cause annihilation with production of mesons. [ PJC ]

adv. [ F. à part; (L. ad) + part part. See Part. ] 1. Separately, in regard to space or company; in a state of separation as to place; aside. [ 1913 Webster ]

Others apart sat on a hill retired. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

The Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself. Ps. iv. 3. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. In a state of separation, of exclusion, or of distinction, as to purpose, use, or character, or as a matter of thought; separately; independently; as, consider the two propositions apart. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Aside; away. “Wherefore lay apart all filthiness and superfluity of naughtiness.” Jas. i. 21. [ 1913 Webster ]

Let Pleasure go, put Care apart. Keble. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. In two or more parts; asunder; to piece; as, to take a piece of machinery apart. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Afrikaans, fr. D. apart apart + -heid -hood. ] 1. segregation by race; -- a term used in South Africa.
Syn. -- racial segregation [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. the official policy of strict segregation by race practised by the government of the Union of South Africa up to 1993. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ F. appartement; cf. It. appartamento, fr. appartare to separate, set apart; all fr. L. ad + pars, partis, part. See Apart. ] 1. A room in a building; a division in a house, separated from others by partitions. Fielding. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A set or suite of rooms. De Quincey. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A compartment. [ Obs. ] Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A room or suite of rooms in a building comprising a dwelling unit separate from others in the building, and typically having its own separate bath, sanitary, and kitchen facilities. Such apartments are in most cases rented from the owner by those dwelling in them. [ PJC ]

efficiency apartment, a small apartment{ 4 }, sometimes furnished, with minimal kitchen and bath facilities. The unit may comprise a single room plus a bathroom, and the kitchen facilities are often open to the main room, or may form a small niche in a corner. There are many variations of efficiency apartment, including some in which furnishings such as a bed may be pull out from a wall recess and stored there again when not in use. Also called an efficiency. [ PJC ]

. A building comprising a number of lving units (apartments{ 4 }) designed for separate housekeeping tenements, but having conveniences, such as heat, light, elevator service, etc., furnished in common; contrasted to a detached dwelling. Sometimes distinguished in the United States from a flat house, in which each living unit comprises one entire floor, whereas in an apartment house a floor may be partitioned into any number of apartments{ 4 }. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC ]

n. The quality of standing apart. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. the planning that is disrupted when someone "upsets the applecart". [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. a cart from which apples and other fruit are sold in the street. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. Smartweed; water pepper. Dr. Prior. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. art, L. ars, artis, orig., skill in joining or fitting; prob. akin to E. arm, aristocrat, article. ] 1. The employment of means to accomplish some desired end; the adaptation of things in the natural world to the uses of life; the application of knowledge or power to practical purposes. [ 1913 Webster ]

Blest with each grace of nature and of art. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A system of rules serving to facilitate the performance of certain actions; a system of principles and rules for attaining a desired end; method of doing well some special work; -- often contradistinguished from science or speculative principles; as, the art of building or engraving; the art of war; the art of navigation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Science is systematized knowledge . . . Art is knowledge made efficient by skill. J. F. Genung. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The systematic application of knowledge or skill in effecting a desired result. Also, an occupation or business requiring such knowledge or skill. [ 1913 Webster ]

The fishermen can't employ their art with so much success in so troubled a sea. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. The application of skill to the production of the beautiful by imitation or design, or an occupation in which skill is so employed, as in painting and sculpture; one of the fine arts; as, he prefers art to literature. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. pl. Those branches of learning which are taught in the academical course of colleges; as, master of arts. [ 1913 Webster ]

In fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

Four years spent in the arts (as they are called in colleges) is, perhaps, laying too laborious a foundation. Goldsmith. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. Learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or letters. [ Archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

So vast is art, so narrow human wit. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

7. Skill, dexterity, or the power of performing certain actions, acquired by experience, study, or observation; knack; as, a man has the art of managing his business to advantage. [ 1913 Webster ]

8. Skillful plan; device. [ 1913 Webster ]

They employed every art to soothe . . . the discontented warriors. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

9. Cunning; artifice; craft. [ 1913 Webster ]

Madam, I swear I use no art at all. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Animals practice art when opposed to their superiors in strength. Crabb. [ 1913 Webster ]

10. The black art; magic. [ Obs. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Art and part (Scots Law), share or concern by aiding and abetting a criminal in the perpetration of a crime, whether by advice or by assistance in the execution; complicity. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The arts are divided into various classes.
The useful arts,
The mechanical arts, or
The industrial arts are those in which the hands and body are more concerned than the mind; as in making clothes and utensils. These are called trades.
The fine arts are those which have primarily to do with imagination and taste, and are applied to the production of what is beautiful. They include poetry, music, painting, engraving, sculpture, and architecture; but the term is often confined to painting, sculpture, and architecture.
The liberal arts (artes liberales, the higher arts, which, among the Romans, only freemen were permitted to pursue) were, in the Middle Ages, these seven branches of learning, -- grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. In modern times the liberal arts include the sciences, philosophy, history, etc., which compose the course of academical or collegiate education. Hence, degrees in the arts; master and bachelor of arts. [ 1913 Webster ]

In America, literature and the elegant arts must grow up side by side with the coarser plants of daily necessity. Irving. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Science; literature; aptitude; readiness; skill; dexterity; adroitness; contrivance; profession; business; trade; calling; cunning; artifice; duplicity. See Science. [ 1913 Webster ]

The second person singular, indicative mode, present tense, of the substantive verb Be; but formed after the analogy of the plural are, with the ending -t, as in thou shalt, wilt, orig. an ending of the second person sing. pret. Cf. Be. Now used only in solemn or poetical style. [ 1913 Webster ]

. The termination of many English words; as, coward, reynard, drunkard, mostly from the French, in which language this ending is of German origin, being orig. the same word as English hard. It usually has the sense of one who has to a high or excessive degree the quality expressed by the root; as, braggart, sluggard. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. 1 a natural family comprising the wood swallows.
Syn. -- family Artamidae. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. 1. 1 the type genus of the Artamidae.
Syn. -- genus Artamus. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. same as artifact.
Syn. -- artifact. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

adj. 1. of or pertaining to an artefact.
Syn. -- artifactual [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. made by human actions. natural
Syn. -- artifactual [ PJC ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. 'A`rtemis, a Greek goddess. ] (Zool.) A genus of phyllopod Crustacea found in salt lakes and brines; the brine shrimp. See Brine shrimp. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. 1 the virgin goddess of the hunt and the moon in Greek mythology; one of the Olympian deities, daughter of Zeus and Leto and twin sister of Apollo; identified with the Roman Diana.
Syn. -- Cynthia, Diana. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ L. Artemisia, Gr. 'Artemisi`a. ] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the plants called mugwort, southernwood, and wormwood. Of these Artemisia absinthium, or common wormwood, is well known, and Artemisia tridentata is the sage brush of the Rocky Mountain region. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body.
Syn. -- artery. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ L. arteriacus, Gr. &unr_;. See Artery. ] Of or pertaining to the windpipe. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. artériel. ] 1. Of or pertaining to an artery, or the arteries; as, arterial action; the arterial system. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Of or pertaining to a main channel (resembling an artery), as a river, canal, or railroad. [ 1913 Webster ]

Arterial blood, blood which has been changed and vitalized (arterialized) during passage through the lungs. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. same as arterialize.
Syn. -- arterialize [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. (Physiol.) The process of converting venous blood into arterial blood during its passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed and carbonic acid evolved; -- called also aëration and hematosis. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Arterialized; p. pr. & vb. n. Arterializing. ] To transform, as the venous blood, into arterial blood by exposure to oxygen in the lungs; to make arterial. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_; + -graphy. ] A systematic description of the arteries. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. of or pertaining to an arteriole. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

/mhw>, n. [ NL. arteriola, dim. of L. arteria: cf. F. artériole. ] A small artery with a muscular wall. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_; + -logy. ] That part of anatomy which treats of arteries. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. 'arthri`a + -logy. ] (Med.) a form of arteriosclerosis which affects predominantly the arterioles, found especially in people with chronic hypertension. Stedman [ PJC ]

‖n. [ NL.; Gr. &unr_; artery + sclerosis. ] (Med.) a chronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, esp. of the intima, occurring mostly in old age. Subtypes are distinguished, such as arteriolosclerosis and atherosclerosis. -- Ar*te`ri*o*scle*rot"ic a. [Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]

adj. 1. of or pertaining to arteriosclerosis. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ L. arteriotomia, Gr. &unr_;; &unr_; + &unr_; a cutting. ] 1. (Med.) The opening of an artery, esp. for bloodletting. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. That part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of the arteries. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. connecting an artery to a vein. an arteriovenous fistula [ WordNet 1.5 ]

‖n. [ Artery + -etis. ] Inflammation of an artery or arteries. Dunglison. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Arteries [ L. arteria windpipe, artery, Gr. &unr_;. ] 1. The trachea or windpipe. [ Obs. ] “Under the artery, or windpipe, is the mouth of the stomach.” Holland. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Anat.) One of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous or arterial blood from the heart. They have tricker and more muscular walls than veins, and are connected with them by capillaries. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ In man and other mammals, the arteries which contain arterialized blood receive it from the left ventricle of the heart through the aorta. See Aorta. The pulmonary artery conveys the venous blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, whence the arterialized blood is returned through the pulmonary veins. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Hence: Any continuous or ramified channel of communication; as, arteries of trade or commerce. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ F. artésien, fr. Artois in France, where many such wells have been made since the middle of the last century. ] Of or pertaining to Artois (anciently called Artesium), in France. [ 1913 Webster ]

Artesian wells, wells made by boring into the earth till the instrument reaches water, which, from internal pressure, flows spontaneously like a fountain. They are usually of small diameter and often of great depth. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ From Art. ] 1. Performed with, or characterized by, art or skill. [ Archaic ] “Artful strains.” “Artful terms.” Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Artificial; imitative. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Using or exhibiting much art, skill, or contrivance; dexterous; skillful. [ 1913 Webster ]

He [ was ] too artful a writer to set down events in exact historical order. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Cunning; disposed to cunning indirectness of dealing; crafty; as, an artful boy. [ The usual sense. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Artful in speech, in action, and in mind. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

The artful revenge of various animals. Darwin. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Cunning; skillful; adroit; dexterous; crafty; tricky; deceitful; designing. See Cunning. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In an artful manner; with art or cunning; skillfully; dexterously; craftily. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality of being artful; art; cunning; craft. [ 1913 Webster ]