*spirit*

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dispirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispiriting. ] [ Pref. dis- + spirit. ] 1. To deprive of cheerful spirits; to depress the spirits of; to dishearten; to discourage. [ 1913 Webster ]

Not dispirited with my afflictions. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

He has dispirited himself by a debauch. Collier. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To distill or infuse the spirit of. [ Obs. or R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

This makes a man master of his learning, and dispirits the book into the scholar. Fuller.

Syn. -- To dishearten; discourage; deject; damp; depress; cast down; intimidate; daunt; cow. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Depressed in spirits; deprived of cheer or enthusiasm; disheartened; discouraged; daunted.
Syn. -- depressed, down(predicate), downcast, downhearted, low, low-spirited, disheartened, discouraged, demoralized. [ 1913 Webster ]

-- Dis*pir"it*ed*ly, adv. -- Dis*pir"it*ed, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. causing dejection; discouraging. Opposite of encouraging.
Syn. -- demoralizing, demoralising, disheartening. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. causing dejection or depression.
Syn. -- black, dark, depressing, grim. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. Depression of spirits; discouragement. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Procter, in evident distress and dispiritment, was waiting the slow conclusion of this. Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. See Dispirit. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Full of spirit or natural fire; haughty; courageous; impetuous; not brooking restraint or opposition. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having a fiery spirit; hot-headed. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Inspirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inspiriting. ] To infuse new life or spirit into; to animate; to encourage; to invigorate. [ 1913 Webster ]

The courage of Agamemnon is inspirited by the love of empire and ambition. Pope.

Syn. -- To enliven; invigorate; exhilarate; animate; cheer; encourage; inspire. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Deficient in animation and courage; dejected; depressed; dispirited; not sprightly.
Syn. -- depressed, dispirited, down(predicate), downcast, downhearted, low. [ 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5 ]

-- Low"-spir`it*ed*ness, n. [1913 Webster]

a. Having the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous. [ R. ] B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Of a mean spirit; petty; small-minded; base; groveling; -- of people. -- Mean"-spir`it*ed*ness, n. [1913 Webster]

2. Done for malevolent reasons; -- of deeds and actions.
Syn. -- base, contemptible, currish, mean, meanspirited, scurvy. [WordNet 1.5]

a. Of a mean spirit; cowardly; base. -- Poor"-spir`it*ed*ness, n. [1913 Webster]

a. 1. Having, or exercising, a disposition to advance the interest of the community or public; as, public-spirited men. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Dictated by a regard to public good; as, a public-spirited project or measure. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

-- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ly, adv. -- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ness, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To give fresh spirit to. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Shadbird (a) [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Spirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Spiriting. ] 1. To animate with vigor; to excite; to encourage; to inspirit; as, civil dissensions often spirit the ambition of private men; -- sometimes followed by up. [ 1913 Webster ]

Many officers and private men spirit up and assist those obstinate people to continue in their rebellion. Swift. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To convey rapidly and secretly, or mysteriously, as if by the agency of a spirit; to kidnap; -- often with away, or off. [ 1913 Webster ]

The ministry had him spirited away, and carried abroad as a dangerous person. Arbuthnot & Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

I felt as if I had been spirited into some castle of antiquity. Willis. [ 1913 Webster ]

Spiriting away (Law), causing to leave; the offense of inducing a witness to leave a jurisdiction so as to evade process requiring attendance at trial. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OF. espirit, esperit, F. esprit, L. spiritus, from spirare to breathe, to blow. Cf. Conspire, Expire, Esprit, Sprite. ] 1. Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life itself. [ Obs. ] “All of spirit would deprive.” Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

The mild air, with season moderate,
Gently attempered, and disposed eo well,
That still it breathed foorth sweet spirit. Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A rough breathing; an aspirate, as the letter h; also, a mark to denote aspiration; a breathing. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Be it a letter or spirit, we have great use for it. B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Life, or living substance, considered independently of corporeal existence; an intelligence conceived of apart from any physical organization or embodiment; vital essence, force, or energy, as distinct from matter. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. The intelligent, immaterial and immortal part of man; the soul, in distinction from the body in which it resides; the agent or subject of vital and spiritual functions, whether spiritual or material. [ 1913 Webster ]

There is a spirit in man; and the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding. Job xxxii. 8. [ 1913 Webster ]

As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also. James ii. 26. [ 1913 Webster ]

Spirit is a substance wherein thinking, knowing, doubting, and a power of moving, do subsist. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. Specifically, a disembodied soul; the human soul after it has left the body. [ 1913 Webster ]

Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it. Eccl. xii. 7. [ 1913 Webster ]

Ye gentle spirits far away,
With whom we shared the cup of grace. Keble. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. Any supernatural being, good or bad; an apparition; a specter; a ghost; also, sometimes, a sprite, ; a fairy; an elf. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all impressions of spirits and goblins in the dark. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

7. Energy, vivacity, ardor, enthusiasm, courage, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

“Write it then, quickly, ” replied Bede; and summoning all his spirits together, like the last blaze of a candle going out, he indited it, and expired. Fuller. [ 1913 Webster ]

8. One who is vivacious or lively; one who evinces great activity or peculiar characteristics of mind or temper; as, a ruling spirit; a schismatic spirit. [ 1913 Webster ]

Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my judges. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

9. Temper or disposition of mind; mental condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state; -- often in the plural; as, to be cheerful, or in good spirits; to be downhearted, or in bad spirits. [ 1913 Webster ]

God has . . . made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling down. South. [ 1913 Webster ]

A perfect judge will read each work of wit
With the same spirit that its author writ. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

10. Intent; real meaning; -- opposed to the letter, or to formal statement; also, characteristic quality, especially such as is derived from the individual genius or the personal character; as, the spirit of an enterprise, of a document, or the like. [ 1913 Webster ]

11. Tenuous, volatile, airy, or vapory substance, possessed of active qualities. [ 1913 Webster ]

All bodies have spirits . . . within them. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

12. Any liquid produced by distillation; especially, alcohol, the spirits, or spirit, of wine (it having been first distilled from wine): -- often in the plural. [ 1913 Webster ]

13. pl. Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and other distilled liquors having much alcohol, in distinction from wine and malt liquors. [ 1913 Webster ]

14. (Med.) A solution in alcohol of a volatile principle. Cf. Tincture. U. S. Disp. [ 1913 Webster ]

15. (Alchemy) Any one of the four substances, sulphur, sal ammoniac, quicksilver, or arsenic (or, according to some, orpiment). [ 1913 Webster ]

The four spirits and the bodies seven. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

16. (Dyeing) Stannic chloride. See under Stannic. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Spirit is sometimes joined with other words, forming compounds, generally of obvious signification; as, spirit-moving, spirit-searching, spirit-stirring, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

Astral spirits,
Familiar spirits, etc. See under Astral, Familiar, etc. --
Animal spirits. (a) (Physiol.) The fluid which at one time was supposed to circulate through the nerves and was regarded as the agent of sensation and motion; -- called also the nervous fluid, or nervous principle. (b) Physical health and energy; frolicsomeness; sportiveness. --
Ardent spirits, strong alcoholic liquors, as brandy, rum, whisky, etc., obtained by distillation. --
Holy Spirit, or
The Spirit (Theol.), the Spirit of God, or the third person of the Trinity; the Holy Ghost. The spirit also signifies the human spirit as influenced or animated by the Divine Spirit. --
Proof spirit. (Chem.) See under Proof. --
Rectified spirit (Chem.), spirit rendered purer or more concentrated by redistillation, so as to increase the percentage of absolute alcohol. --
Spirit butterfly (Zool.), any one of numerous species of delicate butterflies of tropical America belonging to the genus Ithomia. The wings are gauzy and nearly destitute of scales. --
Spirit duck. (Zool.) (a) The buffle-headed duck. (b) The golden-eye. --
Spirit lamp (Art), a lamp in which alcohol or methylated spirit is burned. --
Spirit level. See under Level. --
Spirit of hartshorn. (Old Chem.) See under Hartshorn. --
Spirit of Mindererus (Med.), an aqueous solution of acetate of ammonium; -- named after R. Minderer, physician of Augsburg. --
Spirit of nitrous ether (Med. Chem.), a pale yellow liquid, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the distillation of alcohol with nitric and sulphuric acids, and consists essentially of ethyl nitrite with a little acetic aldehyde. It is used as a diaphoretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, etc. Called also sweet spirit of niter. --
Spirit of salt (Chem.), hydrochloric acid; -- so called because obtained from salt and sulphuric acid. [ Obs. ] --
Spirit of sense, the utmost refinement of sensation. [ Obs. ] Shak. --
Spirits of turpentine, or
Spirit of turpentine (Chem.), rectified oil of turpentine, a transparent, colorless, volatile, and very inflammable liquid, distilled from the turpentine of the various species of pine; camphine. It is commonly used to remove paint from surfaces, or to dissole oil-based paint. See Camphine. --
Spirit of vitriol (Chem.), sulphuric acid; -- so called because formerly obtained by the distillation of green vitriol. [ Obs. ] --
Spirit of vitriolic ether (Chem.) ethyl ether; -- often but incorrectly called sulphuric ether. See Ether. [ Obs. ] --
Spirits of wine, or
Spirit of wine (Chem.), alcohol; -- so called because formerly obtained by the distillation of wine. --
Spirit rapper, one who practices spirit rapping; a “medium” so called. --
Spirit rapping, an alleged form of communication with the spirits of the dead by raps. See Spiritualism, 3. --
Sweet spirit of niter. See Spirit of nitrous ether, above. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Life; ardor; energy; fire; courage; animatioon; cheerfulness; vivacity; enterprise. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv.[ L. spiritalis belonging to breathing. ] By means of the breath. [ Obs. ] Holder. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Animated or possessed by a spirit. [ Obs. ] “So talked the spirited, sly snake.” Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Animated; full of life or vigor; lively; full of spirit or fire; as, a spirited oration; a spirited answer. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Spirited is much used in composition; as in high-spirited, low-spirited, mean-spirited, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Lively; vivacious; animated; ardent; active; bold; courageous. [ 1913 Webster ]

-- Spir"it*ed*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*ed*ness, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Full of spirit; spirited. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

The spiritful and orderly life of our own grown men. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

-- Spir"it*ful*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*ful*ness, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Spiritualsm. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A spiritualist. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Destitute of spirit; wanting animation; wanting cheerfulness; dejected; depressed. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Destitute of vigor; wanting life, courage, or fire. [ 1913 Webster ]

A men so faint, so spiritless,
So dull, so dead in lock, so woebegone. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Having no breath; extinct; dead. “The spiritless body.” Greenhill. [ 1913 Webster ]

-- Spir"it*less*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*less*ness, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖a. & adv. [ It. ] (Mus.) Spirited; spiritedly; -- a direction to perform a passage in an animated, lively manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. Spirituous. ] 1. Like spirit; refined; defecated; pure. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

More refined, more spirituous and pure. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Ardent; active. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Quality of being spiritous. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. spiritualis: cf. F. spirituel. See Spirit. ] 1. Consisting of spirit; not material; incorporeal; as, a spiritual substance or being. [ 1913 Webster ]

It is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. 1 Cor. xv. 44. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Of or pertaining to the intellectual and higher endowments of the mind; mental; intellectual. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Of or pertaining to the moral feelings or states of the soul, as distinguished from the external actions; reaching and affecting the spirits. [ 1913 Webster ]

God's law is spiritual; it is a transcript of the divine nature, and extends its authority to the acts of the soul of man. Sir T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Of or pertaining to the soul or its affections as influenced by the Spirit; controlled and inspired by the divine Spirit; proceeding from the Holy Spirit; pure; holy; divine; heavenly-minded; -- opposed to carnal. [ 1913 Webster ]

That I may impart unto you some spiritual gift. Rom. i. ll. [ 1913 Webster ]

Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings. Eph. i. 3. [ 1913 Webster ]

If a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one. Gal. vi. 1. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. Not lay or temporal; relating to sacred things; ecclesiastical; as, the spiritual functions of the clergy; lords spiritual and temporal; a spiritual corporation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Spiritual coadjuctor. (Eccl.) See the Note under Jesuit. --
Spiritual court (Eccl. Law), an ecclesiastical court, or a court having jurisdiction in ecclesiastical affairs; a court held by a bishop or other ecclesiastic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A spiritual function, office, or affair. See Spirituality, 2. [ 1913 Webster ]

He assigns supremacy to the pope in spirituals, and to the emperor in temporals. Lowell. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. The quality or state of being spiritual. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Physiol.) The doctrine, in opposition to the materialists, that all which exists is spirit, or soul -- that what is called the external world is either a succession of notions impressed on the mind by the Deity, as maintained by Berkeley, or else the mere educt of the mind itself, as taught by Fichte. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A belief that departed spirits hold intercourse with mortals by means of physical phenomena, as by rapping, or during abnormal mental states, as in trances, or the like, commonly manifested through a person of special susceptibility, called a medium; spiritism; the doctrines and practices of spiritualists. [ 1913 Webster ]

What is called spiritualism should, I think, be called a mental species of materialism. R. H. Hutton. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Spiritualistic. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. One who professes a regard for spiritual things only; one whose employment is of a spiritual character; an ecclesiastic. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One who maintains the doctrine of spiritualism. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. One who believes in direct intercourse with departed spirits, through the agency of persons commonly called mediums, by means of physical phenomena; one who attempts to maintain such intercourse; a spiritist. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Relating to, or connected with, spiritualism. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Spiritualities [ L. spiritualitas: cf. F. spiritualité. ] 1. The quality or state of being spiritual; incorporeality; heavenly-mindedness. [ 1913 Webster ]

A pleasure made for the soul, suitable to its spirituality. South. [ 1913 Webster ]

If this light be not spiritual, yet it approacheth nearest to spirituality. Sir W. Raleigh. [ 1913 Webster ]

Much of our spirituality and comfort in public worship depends on the state of mind in which we come. Bickersteth. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Eccl.) That which belongs to the church, or to a person as an ecclesiastic, or to religion, as distinct from temporalities. [ 1913 Webster ]

During the vacancy of a see, the archbishop is guardian of the spiritualities thereof. Blackstone. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. An ecclesiastical body; the whole body of the clergy, as distinct from, or opposed to, the temporality. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Five entire subsidies were granted to the king by the spirituality. Fuller. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act of spiritualizing, or the state of being spiritualized. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Spiritualized p. pr. & vb. n. Spiritualizing ] [ Cf. F. spiritualiser. ] 1. To refine intellectiually or morally; to purify from the corrupting influence of the world; to give a spiritual character or tendency to; as, to spiritualize soul. [ 1913 Webster ]

This seen in the clear air, and the whole spiritualized by endless recollections, fills the eye and the heart more forcibly than I can find words to say. Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To give a spiritual meaning to; to take in a spiritual sense; -- opposed to literalize. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Old Chem.) To extract spirit from; also, to convert into, or impregnate with, spirit. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who spiritualizes. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a spiritual manner; with purity of spirit; like a spirit. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having the mind set on spiritual things, or filled with holy desires and affections. -- Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed*ness, n. [1913 Webster]

n. The quality or state of being spiritual or spiritual-minded; spirituality. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ See Spirituality. ] (Eccl.) An ecclesiastical body; a spirituality. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖a. [ F. ] Of the nature, or having the appearance, of a spirit; pure; refined; ethereal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality or state of being spirituous; spirituousness. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. (for sense 2) F. spiritueux. Cf. Spiritous. ] 1. Having the quality of spirit; tenuous in substance, and having active powers or properties; ethereal; immaterial; spiritual; pure. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Containing, or of the nature of, alcoholic (esp. distilled) spirit; consisting of refined spirit; alcoholic; ardent; as, spirituous liquors. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Lively; gay; vivid; airy. [ Obs. ] Sir H. Wotton. [ 1913 Webster ]

The mind of man is of that spirituous, stirring nature, that it is perpetually at work. South. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality or state of being spirituous. [ R. ] Boyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ 1st pref. un- + spirit. ] To dispirit. [ Obs. ] Sir W. Temple. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ 1st pref. un- + spiritualize. ] To deprive of spiritually. South. [ 1913 Webster ]