*ortho*

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. 'an priv. + ortho- + Gr. 'w`ps, 'wpo`s, the eye. ] (Med.) Distorted vision, in which straight lines appear bent. AS [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Gr. 'an priv. + 'orqo`s straight + -scope. ] (Physics) An optical toy for producing amusing figures or pictures by means of two revolving disks, on one of which distorted figures are painted. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. anorthose triclinic feldspar (fr. Gr. 'an priv. + 'orqo`s straight) + -ite. ] (Petrol.) A granular igneous rock composed almost exclusively of a soda-lime feldspar, usually labradorite. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

a. [ Gr. &unr_;; &unr_; = &unr_; + &unr_; to set straight. ] Relating to the correcting or straightening out of something; corrective. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_; in + &unr_; upright, correct + &unr_; to turn. ] An optical toy; a card on which confused or imperfect figures are drawn, but which form to the eye regular figures when the card is rapidly revolved. See Thaumatrope. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ L., fr. Gr. &unr_;; 'epi` + &unr_; to set right again; &unr_; again + &unr_; to set straight. ] A figure by which a speaker recalls a word or words, in order to substitute something else stronger or more significant; as, Most brave! Brave, did I say? most heroic act! [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Hemi- + Gr. &unr_; straight + -type. ] Same as Monoclinic. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Orthodox to an excessive degree.
Syn. -- ultraorthodox. [ PJC ]

n. Orthodoxy pushed to excess.
Syn. -- ultraorthodoxy. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling. [ Obs. ] Feltham. [ 1913 Webster ]

pos>pref. [ Gr. 'orqo`s straight; akin to Skr. ūrdhva upright, v&rsdot_;dh to grow, to cause to grow. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. A combining form signifying straight, right, upright, correct, regular; as, orthodromy, orthodiagonal, orthodox, orthographic. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), designating: (a) (Inorganic Chem.) The one of several acids of the same element (as the phosphoric acids), which actually occurs with the greatest number of hydroxyl groups; as, orthophosphoric acid. Cf. Normal. (b) (Organic Chem.) Connection with, or affinity to, one variety of isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; -- contrasted with meta- or para-; as, the ortho position; hence, designating any substance showing such isomerism; as, an ortho compound. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ In the graphic representation of the benzene nucleus (see Benzene nucleus, under Benzene), provisionally adopted, any substance exhibiting double substitution in adjacent and contiguous carbon atoms, as 1 & 2, 3 & 4, 4 & 5, etc., is designated by ortho-; as, orthoxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution of two carbon atoms with one intervening, as 1 & 3, 2 & 4, 3 & 5, 4 & 6, etc., by meta-; as, resorcin or metaxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution in opposite parts, as 1 & 4, 2 & 5, 3 & 6, by para-; as, hydroquinone or paraxylene. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Ortho- + carbonic. ] (Chem.) Designating a complex ether, C.(OC2H5)4, which is obtained as a liquid of a pleasant ethereal odor by means of chlorpicrin, and is believed to be a derivative of the hypothetical normal carbonic acid, C.(OH)4. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + center. ] (Geom.) That point in which the three perpendiculars let fall from the angles of a triangle upon the opposite sides, or the sides produced, mutually intersect. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. 'orqo`s straight + ke`ras a horn. ] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of Paleozoic Cephalopoda, having a long, straight, conical shell. The interior is divided into numerous chambers by transverse septa. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + Gr. &unr_;, &unr_;, a horn. ] (Zool.) An orthoceras; also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + Gr. &unr_; to break. ] (Min.) Common or potash feldspar crystallizing in the monoclinic system and having two cleavages at right angles to each other. See Feldspar. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Crystallog.) Breaking in directions at right angles to each other; -- said of the monoclinic feldspars. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + diagonal. ] (Crystallog.) The diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which is at right angles with the vertical axis. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + dome. ] (Crystallog.) See the Note under Dome, 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Med.) The treatment of the teeth so as to make the teeth align properly within the mouth, usually involving the wearing of braces and sometimes oral surgery. [ PJC ]

a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to orthodontics or orthodontia. [ PJC ]

n. (Med.) A branch of dentistry specializing in the treatment of the teeth so as to make the teeth align properly within the mouth; it usually involves fitting a patient with braces and sometimes oral surgery. [ PJC ]

n. a dentist specializing in the prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth; one specializing in orthodontics. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ L. orthodoxus, Gr. 'orqo`doxos; 'orqo`s right, true + do`xa opinion, dokei^n to think, seem; cf. F. orthodoxe. See Ortho-, Dogma. ] 1. Sound in opinion or doctrine, especially in religious doctrine; hence, holding the Christian faith; believing the doctrines taught in the Scriptures; -- opposed to heretical and heterodox; as, an orthodox Christian. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. According or congruous with the doctrines of Scripture, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, or the like; as, an orthodox opinion, book, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Adhering to generally approved doctrine or practices; conventional. Opposed to unorthodox. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

He saluted me on both cheeks in the orthodox manner. H. R. Haweis. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Of or pertaining to the churches of the Eastern Christian rite, especially the Greek Orthodox or Russian Orthodox churches, which do not recognize the supremacy of the Pope of Rome in matters of faith. [ PJC ]

☞ The term orthodox differs in its use among the various Christian communions. The Greek Church styles itself the “Holy Orthodox Apostolic Church, ” regarding all other bodies of Christians as more or less heterodox. The Roman Catholic Church regards the Protestant churches as heterodox in many points. In the United States the term orthodox is frequently used with reference to divergent views on the doctrine of the Trinity. Thus it has been common to speak of the Trinitarian Congregational churches in distinction from the Unitarian, as Orthodox.` The name is also applied to the conservative, in distinction from the “liberal”, or Hicksite, body in the Society of Friends. Schaff-Herzog Encyc. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox. [ R. ] Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Orthodoxness. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. Orthodoxly. [ R. ] Milton [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Orthodox. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In an orthodox manner; with soundness of faith. Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality or state of being orthodox; orthodoxy. Waterland. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_;: cf. F. orthodoxie. See Orthodox. ] 1. Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to heterodoxy or to heresy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Basil himself bears full and clear testimony to Gregory's orthodoxy. Waterland. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Consonance to genuine Scriptural doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs; as, the orthodoxy of a creed. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. By extension, said of any generally accepted doctrine or belief; the orthodox practice or belief. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

a. [ Ortho- + Gr. &unr_; to run. ] Of or pertaining to orthodromy. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The art of sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a great circle, which is the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the globe; great-circle sailing; orthodromy. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. orthodromie. ] The act or art of sailing on a great circle. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. Of or pertaining to orthoepy, or correct pronunciation. -- Or`tho*ep"ic*al*ly, adv. [1913 Webster]

n. One who is skilled in orthoepy. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. 'orqoe`peia; 'orqo`s right + 'e`pos a word: cf. F. orthoépie. See Ortho-, and Epic. ] The art of uttering words correctly; a correct pronunciation of words; also, mode of pronunciation. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + Gr. &unr_; marriage. ] (Bot.) Direct fertilization in plants, as when the pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the stamens of the same blossom; -- opposed to heterogamy. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Orthognathous. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Anat.) The quality or state of being orthognathous. Huxley. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Ortho- + Gr. gna`qos the jaw. ] (Anat.) Having the front of the head, or the skull, nearly perpendicular, not retreating backwards above the jaws; -- opposed to prognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + Gr. gwni`a angle: cf. F. orthogone, a. ] (Geom.) A rectangular figure. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. orthogonal. ] Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another. [ 1913 Webster ]

Orthogonal projection. See under Orthographic. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set of curves orthogonally. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ortho- + -graph. ] (Arch.) An orthographic projection, sometimes partly in section, esp. of a building. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. One versed in orthography; one who spells words correctly. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ Cf. F. orthographique, L. orthographus, Gr. &unr_;. ] 1. Of or pertaining to orthography, or right spelling; also, correct in spelling; as, orthographical rules; the letter was orthographic. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to right lines or angles. [ 1913 Webster ]

Orthographic projection or
Orthogonal projection, that projection which is made by drawing lines, from every point to be projected, perpendicular to the plane of projection. Such a projection of the sphere represents its circles as seen in perspective by an eye supposed to be placed at an infinite distance, the plane of projection passing through the center of the sphere perpendicularly to the line of sight. [ 1913 Webster ]