n. Also /mhw>. (Physiol. Chem.) a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that acts as a powerful stimulant in reponse to fear or stress; it stimulates autonomic nerve action. It can be obtained as a crystalline substance, C9H13NO3. It is used in medicine as a vasoconstrictor (hemostatic) and cardiac stimulant, also to reduce allergic reactions and to stimulate the heart in cases of cardiac arrest. MI11
Syn. -- epinephrine; 3, 4-dihydroxy-1-[ 1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)-ethyl ]benzene. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC ]

n. 1. .
Syn. -- epinephrine, adrenalin [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. Named before. Peacham. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. 1 a bee that is a a member of the genus Andrena..
Syn. -- andrenid, mining bee [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n.; pl. E. Arenas L. Arenæ [ L. arena, harena, sand, a sandy place. ] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) The area in the central part of an amphitheater, in which the gladiators fought and other shows were exhibited; -- so called because it was covered with sand. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Any place of public contest or exertion; any sphere of action; as, the arenaof debate; the arena of life. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Med.) “Sand” or “gravel” in the kidneys. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. arenaceus, fr. arena sand. ] Sandy or consisting largely of sand; of the nature of sand; easily disintegrating into sand; friable; as, arenaceous limestone. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. arenarius, fr. arena sand. ] Sandy; as, arenarious soil. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. arenatio, fr. arena sand. ] (Med.) A sand bath; application of hot sand to the body. Dunglison. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Pref. bi- + crenate. ] (Bot.) Twice crenated, as in the case of leaves whose crenatures are themselves crenate. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ L. crena notch. See Cranny. ] (Bot.) Having the margin cut into rounded teeth notches, or scallops. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. (Bot.) A rounded tooth on the edge of a leaf. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The condition of being crenate. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. (Bot.) A rounded tooth or notch of a crenate leaf, or any part that is crenate; -- called also crenelle. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The state of being crenated or notched. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. Cyrenaicus, fr. Cyrene, in Libya. ] Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of northern Africa, and to Cyrene, its principal city; also, to a school of philosophy founded by Aristippus, a native of Cyrene. -- n. A native of Cyrenaica; also, a disciple of the school of Aristippus. See Cyrenian, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. effrenatio, fr. effrenare to unbridle; ex + frenum a bridle. ] Unbridled license; unruliness. [ Obs. ] Cockeram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ See Irenarch. ] (Gr. Antiq.) A justice of the peace; irenarch. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A name that precedes the family name or surname; a first name. Selden. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To name or mention before. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Named before; aforenamed. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Mil.) A type of hand grenade designed to burst into multiple fragments upon detonation of the explosive charge; the fragments fly away at high velocity, killing or wounding persons nearby. Contrasted to concussion grenade. The common type of fragmentation grenade used by the American military was sometimes jocosely referred to as a pineapple from its reticulated surface appearance, resembling that of the fruit. [ PJC ]

v. t. To gangrene. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. grenade a pomegranate, a grenade, or Sp. granada; orig., filled with seeds. So called from the resemblance of its shape to a pomegranate. See Carnet, Grain a kernel, and cf. Pomegranate. ] (Min.) A hollow ball or shell of iron filled with powder of other explosive, ignited by means of a fuse, and thrown from the hand among enemies. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hand grenade. (a) A small grenade of iron or glass, usually about two and a half inches in diameter, to be thrown from the hand into the head of a sap, trenches, covered way, or upon besiegers mounting a breach. (b) A portable fire extinguisher consisting of a glass bottle containing water and gas. It is thrown into the flames. Called also fire grenade. --
Rampart grenades, grenades of various sizes, which, when used, are rolled over the pararapet in a trough. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. of or pertaining to Grenada; as, the Grenadian capital. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. of or pertaining to the inhabitants of Grenada; as, Grenadian troops. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. a native or inhabitant of Grenada. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ F. grenadier. See Grenade. ] 1. (Mil.) Originaly, a soldier who carried and threw grenades; afterward, one of a company attached to each regiment or battalion, taking post on the right of the line, and wearing a peculiar uniform. In modern times, a member of a special regiment or corps; as, a grenadier of the guard of Napoleon I. one of the regiment of Grenadier Guards of the British army, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The feats of grenadiers have been memorialized in song, as in the following: (for the melody see https://web.archive.org/web/20040202232801/http://www.acronet.net/~robokopp/english.html)

ca. 18th Century

The British Grenadiers

2. (Zool.) Any marine fish of the genus Macrurus, in which the body and tail taper to a point; they mostly inhabit the deep sea; -- called also onion fish, and rat-tail fish. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Zool.) A bright-colored South African grosbeak (Pyromelana orix), having the back red and the lower parts black. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Sp. granadillo. ] A handsome tropical American wood, much used for making flutes and other wind instruments; -- called also Grenada cocos, or cocus, and red ebony. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. ] 1. A thin gauzelike fabric of silk or wool, for women's wear. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A trade name for a dyestuff, consisting essentially of impure fuchsine.

[ 1913 Webster ]

n. Same as Grenade. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Hepatic + renal. ] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the liver and kidneys; as, the hepatorenal ligament. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Impregnable. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Between the kidneys; as, the interrenal body, an organ found in many fishes. -- n. The interrenal body. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. irenarcha, irenarches, Gr. &unr_;; &unr_; peace + &unr_; to rule. ] (Gr. Antiq.) An officer in the Greek empire having functions corresponding to those of a justice of the peace. [ Written also eirenarch. ]

n. a dance performed by dancers in a line, or several lines, consisting mainly of hand and arm movements; also, the name of the song to which the dance is usually performed. It became popular in 1996. [ PJC ]

n. [ NL. Salmo maraena, G. maräne, moräne; -- so called from Lake Morin, in the March of Brandenburg, in Prussia. ] (Zool.) A European whitefish of the genus Coregonus. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Same as norepinephrine.
Syn. -- norepinephrine. [ WordNet 1.5 +PJC ]

a. (Anat.) Situated in front of the nose, or in front of the nasal chambers. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Being or happening before birth. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Pref. pro- + renal. ] (Anat.) Pronephric. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n.; pl. Pyrenæ [ NL., fr. Gr. &unr_;, the stone of fruit. ] (Bot.) A nutlet resembling a seed, or the kernel of a drupe. Gray. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. refrenatio. See Refrain, v. t. ] The act of refraining. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ OF. resnable. ] Reasonable; also, loquacious. [ Obs. ] “Most renable of tongue.” Piers Plowman. -- Ren"a*bly, adv. [Obs.] Chaucer. [1913 Webster]

‖n. [ F., fr. renaître to be born again. Cf. Renascence. ] A new birth, or revival. Specifically: (a) The transitional movement in Europe, marked by the revival of classical learning and art in Italy in the 15th century, and the similar revival following in other countries. (b) The style of art which prevailed at this epoch. [ 1913 Webster ]

The Renaissance was rather the last stage of the Middle Ages, emerging from ecclesiastical and feudal despotism, developing what was original in mediaeval ideas by the light of classic arts and letters. J. A. Symonds (Encyc. Brit.). [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to the Renaissance. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. renalis, fr. renes the kidneys or reins: cf. F. rénal. See Reins. ] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the kidneys; in the region of the kidneys. [ 1913 Webster ]

Renal capsules or
Renal glands, the suprarenal capsules. See under Capsule. --
Renal casts,
Renal colic. (Med.) See under Cast, and Colic. [ 1913 Webster ]

(Med.), an abnormal concretion formed in the excretory passages of the kidney, composed primarily of calcium oxalates and phosphates; -- also called kidney stone, nephrolith, and nephritic calculus (an obsolete term). [ PJC ]

a. (Anat.) Both renal and portal. See Portal. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To give a new name to. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. renard the fox, the name of the fox in a celebrated epic poem, and of German origin, G. Reinhard, OHG. Reginhard, properly, strong in counsel; regin counsel (akin to Goth. ragin) + hart hard. See Hard. ] A fox; -- so called in fables or familiar tales, and in poetry. [ Written also reynard. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to Renard, the fox, or the tales in which Renard is mentioned. [ 1913 Webster ]