*coal*

See Coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

See Cannel coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

See Cannel coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

[ Corrupt. fr. candle coal. ] A kind of mineral coal of a black color, sufficiently hard and solid to be cut and polished. It burns readily, with a clear, yellow flame, and on this account has been used as a substitute for candles. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ See Char, v. t., to burn or to reduce to coal, and Coal. ] 1. Impure carbon prepared from vegetable or animal substances; esp., coal made by charring wood in a kiln, retort, etc., from which air is excluded. It is used for fuel and in various mechanical, artistic, and chemical processes. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Fine Arts) Finely prepared charcoal in small sticks, used as a drawing implement. [ 1913 Webster ]

Animal charcoal, a fine charcoal prepared by calcining bones in a closed vessel; -- used as a filtering agent in sugar refining, and as an absorbent and disinfectant. --
Charcoal blacks, the black pigment, consisting of burnt ivory, bone, cock, peach stones, and other substances. --
Charcoal drawing (Fine Arts), a drawing made with charcoal. See Charcoal, 2. Until within a few years this material has been used almost exclusively for preliminary outline, etc., but at present many finished drawings are made with it. --
Charcoal point, a carbon pencil prepared for use in an electric light apparatus. --
Mineral charcoal, a term applied to silky fibrous layers of charcoal, interlaminated in beds of ordinary bituminous coal; -- known to miners as mother of coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. very dark gray.
Syn. -- charcoal. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ AS. col; akin to D. kool, OHG. chol, cholo, G. kohle, Icel. kol, pl., Sw. kol, Dan. kul; cf. Skr. jval to burn. Cf. Kiln, Collier. ] 1. A thoroughly charred, and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other combustible substance; charcoal. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Min.) A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal, mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when heated, a large amount of volatile matter. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ This word is often used adjectively, or as the first part of self-explaining compounds; as, coal-black; coal formation; coal scuttle; coal ship. etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ In England the plural coals is used, for the broken mineral coal burned in grates, etc.; as, to put coals on the fire. In the United States the singular in a collective sense is the customary usage; as, a hod of coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

Age of coal plants. See Age of Acrogens, under Acrogen. --
Anthracite or
Glance coal. See Anthracite. --
Bituminous coal. See under Bituminous. --
Blind coal. See under Blind. --
Brown coal or
Brown Lignite. See Lignite. --
Caking coal, a bituminous coal, which softens and becomes pasty or semi-viscid when heated. On increasing the heat, the volatile products are driven off, and a coherent, grayish black, cellular mass of coke is left. --
Cannel coal, a very compact bituminous coal, of fine texture and dull luster. See Cannel coal. --
Coal bed (Geol.), a layer or stratum of mineral coal. --
Coal breaker, a structure including machines and machinery adapted for crushing, cleansing, and assorting coal. --
Coal field (Geol.), a region in which deposits of coal occur. Such regions have often a basinlike structure, and are hence called coal basins. See Basin. --
Coal gas, a variety of carbureted hydrogen, procured from bituminous coal, used in lighting streets, houses, etc., and for cooking and heating. --
Coal heaver, a man employed in carrying coal, and esp. in putting it in, and discharging it from, ships. --
Coal measures. (Geol.) (a) Strata of coal with the attendant rocks. (b) A subdivision of the carboniferous formation, between the millstone grit below and the Permian formation above, and including nearly all the workable coal beds of the world. --
Coal oil, a general name for mineral oils; petroleum. --
Coal plant (Geol.), one of the remains or impressions of plants found in the strata of the coal formation. --
Coal tar. See in the Vocabulary. --
To haul over the coals, to call to account; to scold or censure. [ Colloq. ] --
Wood coal. See Lignite. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coaled p. pr. & vb. n. Coaling. ] 1. To burn to charcoal; to char. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Charcoal of roots, coaled into great pieces. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To mark or delineate with charcoal. Camden. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To supply with coal; as, to coal a steamer. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To take in coal; as, the steamer coaled at Southampton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a bin for holding coal.
Syn. -- coalhole. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. As black as coal; jet black; very black. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Obs. ] See Colliery. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Coalesced p. pr. & vb. n. Coalescing. ] [ L. coalescere, coalitium; co- + alescere to grow up, incho. fr. alere to nourish. See Aliment, n. ] 1. To grow together; to unite by growth into one body; as, the parts separated by a wound coalesce. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To unite in one body or product; to combine into one body or community; as, vapors coalesce. [ 1913 Webster ]

The Jews were incapable of coalescing with other nations. Campbell. [ 1913 Webster ]

Certain combinations of ideas that, once coalescing, could not be shaken loose. De Quincey.

Syn. -- See Add. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. joined together into a whole.
Syn. -- amalgamate, amalgamated, consolidated, fused. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. The act or state of growing together, as similar parts; the act of uniting by natural affinity or attraction; the state of being united; union; concretion. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. coalescens, p. pr. ] Growing together; cohering, as in the organic cohesion of similar parts; uniting. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Named from the dark color of the back. ] (Zool.) (a) The pollock; -- called also, coalsey, colemie, colmey, coal whiting, etc. See Pollock. (b) The beshow or candlefish of Alaska. (c) The cobia. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) The cormorant; -- so called from its black color. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ L. coalitus, p. p. of coalescere. See Coalesce. ] To unite or coalesce. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Let them continue to coalite. Bolingbroke. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To cause to unite or coalesce. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Time has by degrees blended . . . and coalited the conquered with the conquerors. Burke. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL. coalitio: cf. F. coalition. See Coalesce. ] 1. The act of coalescing; union into a body or mass, as of separate bodies or parts; as, a coalition of atoms. Bentley. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A combination, for temporary purposes, of persons, parties, or states, having different interests. [ 1913 Webster ]

A coalition of the puritan and the blackleg. J. Randolph. [ 1913 Webster ]

The coalition between the religious and worldly enemies of popery. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Alliance; confederation; confederacy; league; combination; conjunction; conspiracy; union. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A coalitionist. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who joins or promotes a coalition; one who advocates coalition. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A licensed or official coal measurer in London. See Meter. Simmonds. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) A small species of titmouse, with a black head; the coletit. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A pit where coal is dug. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A place where charcoal is made. [ U. S. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Coal + 2d sack. ] (Astron.) Any one of the spaces in the Milky Way which are very black, owing to the nearly complete absence of stars; esp., the large space near the Southern Cross sometimes called the Black Magellanic Cloud. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

A thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal in the manufacture of illuminating gas; used for making printer's ink, black varnish, etc. It is a complex mixture from which many substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Among its important ingredients are benzene, aniline, phenol, naphtalene, anthracene, etc., which are respectively typical of many dye stuffs, as the aniline dyes, the phthaleïns, indigo, alizarin, and many flavoring extracts whose artificial production is a matter of great commercial importance. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ or } n. (Zool.) A small European titmouse (Parus ater), so named from its black color; -- called also coalmouse and colemouse. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who raises coal out of the hold of a ship. [ Eng. ] Dickens. [ 1913 Webster ]

A place where coal is dug, including the machinery for raising the coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ From Coal, n. ] Pertaining to, or resembling, coal; containing coal; of the nature of coal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Mining) The upper stratum of coal, as nearest the light or surface. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The state of not coalescing. [ 1913 Webster ]

pos>n. See Cannel coal. [ 1913 Webster ]