*calend*

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Calendared p. pr. & vb. n. Calendaring. ] To enter or write in a calendar; to register. Waterhouse. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to the calendar or a calendar. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Calendarial. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. calandre, LL. calendra, corrupted fr. L. cylindrus a cylinder, Gr. &unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;. See Cylinider. ] 1. A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper, etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance. It consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One who pursues the business of calendering. [ 1913 Webster ]

My good friend the calender. Cawper. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Calendered p. pr. & vb. n. Calendering. ] [ Cf. F. calandrer. See Calender, n. ] To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper, etc. Ure. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Per. qalender. ] One of a sect or order of fantastically dressed or painted dervishes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Calendar + -graph + er. ] One who makes calendars. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A person who calenders cloth; a calender. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a., Of or pertaining to a calendar. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. pl. [ OE. kalendes month, calends, AS. calend month, fr. L. calendae; akin to calare to call, proclaim, Gr. &unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_;. CF. Claim. ] The first day of each month in the ancient Roman calendar. [ Written also kalends. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

The Greek calends, a time that will never come, as the Greeks had no calends. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. L. calendae calends. ] (Bot.) A genus of composite herbaceous plants. One species, Calendula officinalis, is the common marigold, and was supposed to blossom on the calends of every month, whence the name. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Chem.) A gummy or mucilaginous tasteless substance obtained from the marigold or calendula, and analogous to bassorin. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To register in a calendar; to calendar. Drayton. [ 1913 Webster ]

. 1. Any of various calendars used by the ancient Greek states. The Attic calendar divided the year into twelve months of 29 and 30 days, as follows: 1. Hecatombæon (July-Aug.).
2. Metageitnion (Aug.-Sept.).
3. Boëdromion (Sept.-Oct.).
4. Pyanepsion (Oct.-Nov.).
5. Mæmacterion (Nov.-Dec.).
6. Poseideon (Dec.-Jan.).
7. Gamelion (Jan.-Feb.).
8. Anthesterion (Feb.-Mar.).
9. Elaphebolion (Mar.-Apr.).
10. Munychion (Apr.-May).
11. Thargelion (May-June).
12. Scirophorion (June-July). A fixed relation to the seasons was maintained by introducing an intercalary month, “the second Poseideon, ” at first in an inexact way, afterward in years 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 16, 19 of the Metonic cycle. Dates were reckoned in Olympiads. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. The Julian calendar, used in the Greek Church. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

or . A time that will never come, as the Greeks had no calends. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

. same as Jewish calendar. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

{ or }. A lunisolar calendar of India, according to which the year is divided into twelve months, with an extra month inserted after every month in which two new moons occur (once in three years). The intercalary month has the name of the one which precedes it. The year usually commences about April 11. The months are follows:

 Baisakh . . . . . . . . . . April-May Jeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . May-June Asarh . . . . . . . . . . . . June-July Sawan (Sarawan) . . . . . . . July-Aug. Bhadon . . . . . . . . . . . Aug.-Sept. Asin (Kuar). . . . . . . . . . Sept.-Oct. Katik (Kartik) . . . . . . . . Oct.-Nov. Aghan . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov.-Dec. Pus . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec.-Jan. Magh . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan.-Feb. Phagun (Phalgun) . . . . . . . Feb.-March Chait . . . . . . . . . . . . March-April 

. A lunisolar calendar in use among Hebraic peoples, reckoning from the year 3761 b. c., the date traditionally given for the Creation. It received its present fixed form from Hillel II. about 360 a. d. The present names of the months, which are Babylonian-Assyrian in origin, replaced older ones, Abib, Bul, etc., at the time of the Babylonian Exile. Nineteen years constitute a lunar cycle, of which the 3d, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years are leap years. The year 5663 [ 1902-3 a. d. ] was the first year of the 299th lunar cycle. The common year is said to be defective, regular, or perfect (or abundant) according as it has 353, 354, or 355 days. The leap year has an intercalary month, and a total of 383 (defective), 384 (regular), or 385 (perfect, or abundant) days. The calendar is complicated by various rules providing for the harmonious arrangement of festivals, etc., so that no simple perpetual calendar can be constructed. The following table gives the months in order, with the number of days assigned to each. Only three months vary in length. They are: Heshvan, which has 30 days in perfect years; Kislev, which has 30 days in regular and perfect years; and Adar, which has 30 days in leap years. The ecclesiastical year commences with Nisan and the civil year with Tishri. The date of the first of Tishri, or the Jewish New Year, is also given for the Jewish years 5661-5696 (1900-1935 a. d.). From these tables it is possible to transform any Jewish date into Christian, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935 a. d. Months of the Jewish Year.

 1 Tishri . . . . . . 30 2 Heshvan . . . . . 29 (r. & d.) or 30 (p.) 3 Kislev . . . . . . 29 (d.) or 30 (r. & p.) 4 Tebet . . . . . . 29 5 Shebat . . . . . . 30 6 Adar . . . . . . . 29 or 30 (l.) -- Veadar . . . . . 29 (occuring only in leap years) 7 Nisan . . . . . . .30 8 Ivar . . . . . . ..29 9 Sivan . . . . . . .30 10 Tammux . . . . . . 29 11 Ab . . . . . . . . 30 12 Elul . . . . . . ..29  Jewish Year a. d.
 ----------------------------------------------------------- 5661 p. begins Sept. 24, 1900 5662 d.l. “ “ 14, 1901 5663 p. “ Oct. 2, 1902 5664 r. “ Sept. 22, 1903 5665 p.l. “ “ 10, 1904 5666 p. “ “ 30, 1905 5667 r. “ “ 20, 1906 5668 d.l. “ “ 6, 1907 5669 p. “ “ 26, 1908 5670 d.l. “ “ 16, 1909 5671 r. “ Oct. 4, 1910 5672 p. “ Sept. 23, 1911 5673 p.l. “ “ 12, 1912 5674 r. “ Oct. 2, 1913 5675 d. “ Sept. 21, 1914 5676 p.l. “ “ 9, 1915 5677 r. “ “ 28, 1916 5678 p. “ “ 17, 1917 5679 d.l. begins Sept. 7, 1918 5680 r. “ “ 25, 1919 5681 p.l. “ “ 13, 1920 5682 p. “ Oct. 3, 1921 5683 d. “ Sept. 23, 1922 5684 r.l. “ “ 11, 1923 5685 p. “ “ 29, 1924 5686 p. “ “ 19, 1925 5687 d.l. “ “ 9, 1926 5688 r. “ “ 27, 1927 5689 p.l. “ “ 15, 1928 5690 d. “ Oct. 5, 1929 5691 r. “ Sept. 23, 1930 5692 p.l. “ “ 12, 1931 5693 p. “ Oct. 1, 1932 5694 r. “ Sept. 23, 1933 5695 d.l. “ “ 10, 1934 5696 p. “ “ 28, 1935 

. The Muslim calendar, a lunar calendar reckoning from the year of the hegira (hejira), 622 a. d. Thirty of its years constitute a cycle, of which the 2d, 5th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 26th, and 29th are leap years, having 355 days; the others are common, having 354 days. By the following tables any Mohammedan date may be changed into the Christian date, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935 a. d.

Months of the Mohammedan year.

 1 Muharram . . . .. 30 2 Safar . . . . . . .. 29 3 Rabia I . . . . . . 30 4 Rabia II . . . .. 29 5 Jumada I . . . .. 30 6 Jumada II . . . . 29 7 Rajab . . . . . . .. 30 8 Shaban . . . . . . . 29 9 Ramadan . . . . . . 30 10 Shawwal . . . . . . 29 11 Zu'lkadah . . . . 30 12 Zu'lhijjah . . . 29* * in leap year, 30 days

 a. h. a. d. a. h. a. d.
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 1317 begins May 12, 1899 1336* begins Oct.17, 1917
 1318 May 1, 1900 1337 Oct. 7, 1918
 1319* Apr.20, 1901 1338* Sept.26, 1919
 1320 Apr.10, 1902 1339 Sept.15, 1920
 1321+ Mar.30, 1903 1340 Sept.4, 1921
 1322* Mar.18, 1904 1341* Aug.24, 1922
 1323 Mar. 8, 1905 1342 Aug.14, 1923
 1324 Feb.25, 1906 1343 Aug. 2, 1924
 1325* Feb.14, 1907 1344* July 22, 1925
 1326 Feb. 4, 1908 1345 July 12, 1926
 1327* Jan.23, 1909 1346* July 1, 1927
 1328 Jan.13, 1910 1347 June 20, 1928
 1329 Jan. 2, 1911 1348 June 9, 1929
 1330* Dec.22, 1911 1349* May 29, 1930
 1331 Dec.11, 1912 1350 May 19, 1931
 1332 Nov.30, 1913 1351++ May 7, 1932
 1333* Nov.19, 1914 1352* Apr.26, 1933
 1334 Nov. 9, 1915 1353 Apr.16, 1934
 1335 Oct.28, 1916 1354 Apr. 5, 1935
 -----------------------------------------------------------------
 * Leap year + First year of the 45th cycle
 ++ First year of the 46th cycle
 

The Mohammedan calendar is one of the most primitive. It is strictly a Lunar calendar, the year consisting of twelve lunar months, which retrograde through the seasons in about 321/2 years. To reconcile the lunar cycle to a given number of complete days, a leap year is introduced on the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 26th and 29th years of a thirty year cycle, making these years consist of 355 days instead of 354. The names of the months and the number of days are: 1, Muharram (30); 2, Saphar (29); 3, Rabia I (30); 4, Rabia II (29); 5, Jomada I (30); 6, Jomada II (29); 7, Rajah (30); 8, Shaaban (29); 9, Ramadan (30); 10, Shawaal (29); 11, Dulkasda (30); and 12, Dulheggia (29 or 30). The years are calculated from July 16, 622 A.D., the day following the Hegira, the flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Medina after an attempted assassination. The beginning of the 46th cycle, with the first day of Muharram, in the year 1351, compares to May 7, 1932 of the Gregorian calendar; continuing: 1365 Dec. 6, 1945 1366 Nov. 25, 1946 1367 Nov. 15, 1947 1368 Nov. 3, 1948 1369 Oct. 24, 1949 1370 Oct. 13, 1950 1371 Oct. 2, 1951 1372 Sept. 21, 1952 1373 Sept. 10, 1953 1374 Aug. 30, 1954 To find the Gregorian equivalent to any Mohammedan date multiply 970, 224 by the Mohammedan year, point off six decimal places and add 621.5774. The whole number will be the year A.D., and the decimal multiplied by 365 will be the day of the year. https://web.archive.org/web/20040112151506/http://www.arsakeio.gr/universe/timeref1.htm [ PJC ]

. A calendar that can be used perpetually or over a wide range of years. That of Capt. Herschel covers, as given below, dates from 1750 to 1961 only, but is capable of indefinite extension.

To find the day of the week corresponding to any date, find the small letter directly under the month and opposite the day of the month; the same small letter also appears in the vertical column that contains the number of the year, and if the line in which it stands is followed out to the right, the day of the week is found. Thus, the small letter under March and opposite 18 is b; b appears again directly over 1904, and at its right is the word Friday. March 18 fell on Friday in 1904, and also in 1898, 1892, etc. The calendar has other uses, as for finding the months which begin on Sunday in a particular year, etc.

|1753 |1754 |1755 |1750 |1751 |1757 |*1752
 |1759 |1765 |*1760 |1761 |*1756 |1763 |1758
 |*1764 |1771 |1766 |1767 |1762 |*1768 |1769
 |1770 |*1776 |1777 |*1772 |1773 |1774 |1775