*pigeon*

(Zool.), A once common wild pigeon of North America (Ectopistes migratorius), now extinct. It was so called on account of its extensive migrations. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

☞ The passenger pigeon presents a striking example of how dramatic a negative influence man can have on other species. The population of the passenger pigeon is estimated to have been at one time as high as five billion in North America, but over a period of about one hundred years large scale hunting for use as food and killing for “sport” reduced the numbers below that necessary to sustain existence of the species. At one time over 200, 000 birds were shipped to the food markets in one day. The last wild pigeon is believed to have died in 1900, and the last bird in captivity died in 1914. It is a rare example of the date of a man-made extinction being recorded with certainty. [ PJC ]

n. [ F., fr. L. pipio a young pipping or chirping bird, fr. pipire to peep, chirp. Cf. Peep to chirp. ] 1. (Zool.) Any bird of the order Columbæ, of which numerous species occur in nearly all parts of the world. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The common domestic pigeon, or dove, was derived from the Old World rock pigeon or rock dove (Columba livia), common in cities. It has given rise to numerous very remarkable varieties, such as the carrier, fantail, nun, pouter, tumbler, etc. The common wild pigeon of the Eastern United States is the Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura, called also Carolina dove). Before the 19th century, the most common pigeon was the passenger pigeon, but that species is now extinct. See Passenger pigeon, and Carolina dove under Dove. See, also, Fruit pigeon, Ground pigeon, Queen pigeon, Stock pigeon, under Fruit, Ground, etc. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

2. An unsuspected victim of sharpers; a gull. [ Slang ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Blue pigeon (Zool.), an Australian passerine bird (Graucalus melanops); -- called also black-faced crow. --
Green pigeon (Zool.), any one of numerous species of Old World pigeons belonging to the family Treronidæ. --
Imperial pigeon (Zool.), any one of the large Asiatic fruit pigeons of the genus Carpophada. --
Pigeon berry (Bot.), the purplish black fruit of the pokeweed; also, the plant itself. See Pokeweed. --
Pigeon English [ perhaps a corruption of business English ], an extraordinary and grotesque dialect, employed in the commercial cities of China, as the medium of communication between foreign merchants and the Chinese. Its base is English, with a mixture of Portuguese and Hindustani. Johnson's Cyc. --
Pigeon grass (Bot.), a kind of foxtail grass (Setaria glauca), of some value as fodder. The seeds are eagerly eaten by pigeons and other birds. --
Pigeon hawk. (Zool.) (a) A small American falcon (Falco columbarius). The adult male is dark slate-blue above, streaked with black on the back; beneath, whitish or buff, streaked with brown. The tail is banded. (b) The American sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter velox or Accipiter fuscus). --
Pigeon hole. (a) A hole for pigeons to enter a pigeon house. (b) See Pigeonhole. (c) pl. An old English game, in which balls were rolled through little arches. Halliwell. --
Pigeon house, a dovecote. --
Pigeon pea (Bot.), the seed of Cajanus Indicus; a kind of pulse used for food in the East and West Indies; also, the plant itself. --
Pigeon plum (Bot.), the edible drupes of two West African species of Chrysobalanus (Chrysobalanus ellipticus and Chrysobalanus luteus). --
Pigeon tremex. (Zool.) See under Tremex. --
Pigeon wood (Bot.), a name in the West Indies for the wood of several very different kinds of trees, species of Dipholis, Diospyros, and Coccoloba. --
Pigeon woodpecker (Zool.), the flicker. --
Prairie pigeon. (Zool.) (a) The upland plover. (b) The golden plover. [ Local, U.S. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To pluck; to fleece; to swindle by tricks in gambling. [ Slang ] Smart. [ 1913 Webster ]

He's pigeoned and undone. Observer. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having a breast like a pigeon, -- the sternum being so prominent as to constitute a deformity; chicken-breasted. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Bot.) The dove's-foot geranium (Geranium molle). [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Timid; easily frightened; chicken-hearted. Beau. & Fl. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A small compartment in a desk or case for the keeping of letters, documents, etc.; -- so called from the resemblance of a row of them to the compartments in a dovecote. Burke. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To place in the pigeonhole of a case or cabinet; hence, to put away; to lay aside indefinitely; as, to pigeonhole a letter or a report. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Pigeon-hearted. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A place for pigeons; a dovecote. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having the toes turned in. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A wing of a pigeon, or a wing like it. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. An old mode of dressing men's side hair in a form likened to a pigeon's wings; also, a wig similarly shaped. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

3. (Dancing) A fancy step executed by jumping and striking the legs together; as, to cut a pigeonwing. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

4. A certain fancy figure in skating. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

5. (Tempering) A color, brown shaded with purple, coming between dark brown and light blue in the table of colors in drawing the temper of hardened steel. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]