*hydrogen*

n. (Chem.) The act or process of freeing from hydrogen; also, the condition resulting from the removal of hydrogen. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Hydro-, 1 + -gen: cf. F. hydrogène. So called because water is generated by its combustion. See Hydra. ] (Chem.) A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron, etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak base. It is, in all acids, the base which is replaced by metals and basic radicals to form salts. Like all other gases, it is condensed by great cold and pressure to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by certain metals (esp. palladium), forming alloy-like compounds; hence, in view of quasi-metallic nature, it is sometimes called hydrogenium. It is the typical reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen, chlorine, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

Bicarbureted hydrogen, an old name for ethylene. --
Carbureted hydrogen gas. See under Carbureted. --
Hydrogen dioxide, a thick, colorless liquid, H2O2, resembling water, but having a bitter, sour taste, produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide. It decomposes into water and oxygen, and is manufactured in large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent. Called also oxygenated water. --
Hydrogen oxide, a chemical name for water, H&unr_;O. --
Hydrogen sulphide, a colorless inflammable gas, H2S, having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found in many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of acids on metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical reagent. Called also sulphureted hydrogen. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Hydrogenated p. pr. & vb. n. Hydrogenating ] (Chem.) To hydrogenize. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Chem.) The act of combining with hydrogen, or the state of being so combined. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Chem.) A binary compound containing hydrogen; a hydride. [ R. ] See Hydride. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ NL. See Hydrogen. ] (Chem.) Hydrogen; -- called also in view of its supposed metallic nature. Graham. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Hydrogenized p. pr. & vb. n. Hydrogenizing ] (Chem.) To combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to the action of, hydrogen; to reduce; -- contrasted with oxidize. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to hydrogen; containing hydrogen. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Oxy- (a) + hydrogen. ] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen at over 5000° F. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

Oxyhydrogen blowpipe. (Chem.) See Blowpipe. --
Oxyhydrogen microscope, a form of microscope arranged so as to use the light produced by burning lime or limestone under a current of oxyhydrogen gas. [ 1913 Webster ]