*nitro*

[ Iso- + nitroso-. ] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), signifying: Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic, nitrogenous radical, NOH, called the isonitroso group. [ 1913 Webster ]

pos>n. [ By shortening of nitroglycerin. ] Nitroglycerin. [ PJC ]

pos>pref. 1. A combining form or an adjective denoting the presence of niter. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Chem.) A combining form (used also adjectively) designating certain compounds of nitrogen or of its acids; as nitrohydrochloric, nitrocalcite; also, designating the group or radical NO2, or its compounds, as nitrobenzene (C6H5.NO2). [ 1913 Webster ]

Nitro group, the radical NO2; -- called also nitroxyl. [ 1913 Webster ]

prop. n. A genus of rod-shaped soil bacteria.
Syn. -- genus Nitrobacter. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. Soil bacteria that convert nitrites to nitrates.
Syn. -- nitric bacteria. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

prop. n. A natural family of usually rod-shaped bacteria that oxidize ammonia or nitrites: nitrobacteria.
Syn. -- family Nitrobacteriaceae. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ Nitro- + benzene. ] (Chem.) A yellow aromatic liquid (C6H5.NO2), produced by the action of nitric acid on benzene, and called from its odor imitation oil of bitter almonds, or essence of mirbane. It is used in perfumery, and is manufactured in large quantities in the preparation of aniline. Fornerly called also nitrobenzol. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ , n. See Nitrobenzene. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + calcite. ] (Min.) Nitrate of calcium, a substance having a grayish white color, occuring in efflorescences on old walls, and in limestone caves, especially where there exists decaying animal matter. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + carbon + L. oleum oil. ] (Chem.) See Nitromethane. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + cellulose. ] (Chem.) See Gun cotton, under Gun. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + chloroform. ] (Chem.) Same as Chlorpicrin. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + formyl. ] (Chem.) A nitro derivative of methane, analogous to chloroform, obtained as a colorless oily or crystalline substance, CH.(NO2)3, quite explosive, and having well-defined acid properties. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + gelatin. ] An explosive consisting of gun cotton and camphor dissolved in nitroglycerin. [ Written also nitrogelatine. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. nitrum natron + -gen: cf. F. nitrogène. See Niter. ] (Chem.) A colorless nonmetallic element of atomic number 7, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume in the form of molecular nitrogen (N2). It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, such as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14.007. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncondensible gas, but was liquefied in 1877 by Cailletet of Paris, and Pictet of Geneva, and boils at -195.8 ° C at atmospheric pressure. Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant to store delicate materials, such as bacteria, cells, and other biological materials. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Nitrogenized p. pr. & vb. n. Nitrogenizing. ] (Chem.) To combine, or impregnate, with nitrogen or its compounds. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, nitrogen; as, a nitrogenous principle; nitrogenous compounds. [ 1913 Webster ]

Nitrogenous foods. See 2d Note under Food, n., 1. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + glycerin. ] (Chem.) A liquid appearing like a heavy oil, colorless or yellowish, and consisting of a mixture of several glycerin salts of nitric acid, and hence more properly called glycerin nitrate; also called trinitroglycerin and glyceryl trinitrate. It is made by the action of nitric acid on glycerin in the presence of sulphuric acid. It is extremely unstable and terribly explosive. A very dilute solution is used in medicine as a neurotic under the name of glonion. [ Written also nitroglycerine. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ A great number of explosive compounds have been produced by mixing nitroglycerin with different substances; as, dynamite, or giant powder, nitroglycerin mixed with siliceous earth; lithofracteur, nitroglycerin with gunpowder, or with sawdust and nitrate of sodium or barium; Colonia powder, gunpowder with nitroglycerin; dualin, nitroglycerin with sawdust, or with sawdust and nitrate of potassium and some other substances; lignose, wood fiber and nitroglycerin. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Nitro- + hydrochloric. ] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitric and hydrochloric acids. [ 1913 Webster ]

Nitrohydrochloric acid, a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids, usually in the proportion of one part of the former to three of the latter, and remarkable for its solvent action on gold and platinum; -- called also aqua regia, and nitromuriatic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of hydrocarbons containing the nitro and the nitroso or isonitroso group united to the same carbon atom. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ NL., fr. L. nitrum natron + oleum oil. ] (Chem.) Nitroglycerin. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) Of, derived from, or designating, a nitrol; as, a nitrolic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + magnesite. ] (Chem.) Nitrate of magnesium, a saline efflorescence closely resembling nitrate of calcium. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + -meter: cf. F. nitromètre. ] (Chem.) An apparatus for determining the amount of nitrogen or some of its compounds in any substance subjected to analysis; an azotometer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + methane. ] (Chem.) A nitro derivative of methane (CH3.NO2), obtained as a mobile liquid; -- called also nitrocarbol. It has been used as a rocket fuel and as a gasoline additive to add power to the fuel, especially in racing cars. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. nitromuriatique. See Nitro-, and Muriatic. ] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or composed of, nitric acid and muriatic acid; nitrohydrochloric. See Nitrohydrochloric. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + phenol. ] (Chem.) Any one of a series of nitro derivatives of phenol. They are yellow oily or crystalline substances and have well-defined acid properties, as picric acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Nitro- + prussic. ] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a complex acid called nitroprussic acid, obtained indirectly by the action of nitric acid on potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate), as a red crystalline unstable substance. It forms salts called nitroprussides, which give a rich purple color with alkaline sulphides. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Nitroprussic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + quine + -ol. ] (Chem.) A hypothetical nitro derivative of quinol or hydroquinone, not known in the free state, but forming a well defined series of derivatives. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + saccharin. ] (Chem.) An explosive nitro derivative of certain sugars, analogous to nitroglycerin, gun cotton, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Nitro- + salicylic. ] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a nitro derivative of salicylic acid, called also anilic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) See Nitrous. [ 1913 Webster ]

(Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) designating the group or radical -NO, called the nitroso group, or its compounds. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitroso- + -yl. ] (Chem.) The radical -NO, called also the nitroso group. The term is sometimes loosely used to designate certain nitro compounds; as, nitrosyl sulphuric acid. Used also adjectively. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrosyl; as, nitrosylic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. nitrosus full of natron: cf. F. nitreux. See Niter. ] 1. Of, pertaining to, or containing, niter; of the quality of niter, or resembling it. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of those compounds in which nitrogen has a relatively lower valence as contrasted with nitric compounds. [ 1913 Webster ]

Nitrous acid (Chem.), a hypothetical acid of nitrogen HNO2, not known in the free state, but forming a well known series of salts, viz., the nitrites. --
Nitrous oxide. See Laughing gas. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Nitro- + oxygen + -yl. ] (Chem.) The group -NO2, usually called the nitro group. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Devoid of nitrogen; as, a nonnitrogenous principle; a nonnitrogenous food. See the Note under Food, n., 1. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Gun cotton; -- so called because regarded as containing three nitro groups. [ 1913 Webster ]