diophantine

a. Originated or taught by Diophantus, the Greek writer on algebra. [ 1913 Webster ]

Diophantine analysis (Alg.), that branch of indeterminate analysis which has for its object the discovery of rational values that satisfy given equations containing squares or cubes; as, for example, to find values of x and y which make x2 + y2 an exact square. [ 1913 Webster ]