(n)Italian physiologist noted for his discovery that frogs' muscles contracted in an electric field (which led to the galvanic cell) (1737-1798), Syn.Luigi Galvani
(n)Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823), Syn.Luigi Barnaba Gregorio Chiaramonti, Barnaba Chiaramonti