- (prt) endorsing and questioning the preceding statement (sentence ending particle); lamenting reflections on the preceding statement (sentence ending particle)[edict]
- (prt) (1) although; when; and yet; despite this; in spite of; even though; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that; (2) while; (3) if only; I wish; (4) I tell you; you should do; (5) in order to; (P)[edict]
- (suf,prt) (literary equiv. of だけ) only; nothing but; (P)[edict]
- (n) (See スラグ) slag[edict]
- (prt) (1) (uk) (occasionally ん) indicates possessive; (2) verb and adjective nominalizer (nominaliser); (3) substituting for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (4) (often ん) indicates a confident conclusion; (5) emotional emphasis (sentence end) (fem); (6) indicates question (sentence end); (P)[edict]
- (prt) (arch) possessive (used on tombs, etc.)[edict]
- (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm)[edict]
- (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica)[edict]
- (exp) (1) (See ませんか) (used to ask a question in the negative) won't (hasn't, isn't, doesn't, etc.); (2) (used to make invitations, express desires or give indirect commands) won't you[edict]
- (conj,aux) (1) (See ない) without doing ...; (aux) (2) used in sentence-final position as an indirect prohibition[edict]
- (suf) inside; within[edict]
- (adj-i) (See 無い) dead[edict]
- (adj-i) (1) (uk) (See 亡い) nonexistent; not being (there); (2) unpossessed; unowned; not had; (3) (See またとない) unique; (4) (as ...ことがない, etc.) indicates negation, inexperience, unnecessariness or impossibility; (aux-adj) (5) (See ない) (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective) not ...; (6) (after the -te form of a verb) to not be...; to have not ...; (P)[edict]
- (int) (fam) hey; say; look; used to get someone's attention or press one's point[edict]
- (aux-adj) (1) not (verb-negating suffix; may indicate question or invitation with rising intonation); (suf,adj-i) (2) (See 忙しない) emphatic suffix (used after the root of an adjective); (P)[edict]
- (suf,v5u) (See 荷う,伴う) (after a noun, etc.) to do ...[edict]
- (aux) (fem) (col) feminine copula[edict]
- (prt) (1) or; whether or not; (2) (after dictionary form verb) as soon as; right after; (3) (after past tense verb) while still; with previous state still in effect; (P)[edict]
- (suf,adj-f) (1) (arch) (See 也・なり・2) that is in; (2) who is called; that is called; (3) that is[edict]
- (n) (1) (arch) I; (2) you[edict]
- (n) (1) greens; vegetables; (2) rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed; (P)[edict]
- (n) name; reputation; (P)[edict]
- (n) (arch) (See 追儺) (ceremony of) driving out evil spirits[edict]