- (prt) endorsing and questioning the preceding statement (sentence ending particle); lamenting reflections on the preceding statement (sentence ending particle)[edict]
- (prt) (1) although; when; and yet; despite this; in spite of; even though; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that; (2) while; (3) if only; I wish; (4) I tell you; you should do; (5) in order to; (P)[edict]
- (suf,prt) (literary equiv. of だけ) only; nothing but; (P)[edict]
- (n) (See スラグ) slag[edict]
- (prt) (1) (uk) (occasionally ん) indicates possessive; (2) verb and adjective nominalizer (nominaliser); (3) substituting for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (4) (often ん) indicates a confident conclusion; (5) emotional emphasis (sentence end) (fem); (6) indicates question (sentence end); (P)[edict]
- (prt) (arch) possessive (used on tombs, etc.)[edict]
- (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm)[edict]
- (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica)[edict]
- じゅう;ぢゅう
- ちゅう
- なか
- うち
- (suf) (1) through; throughout; in the course of; (2) all over or throughout (e.g. a place)[edict]
- (suf) (1) (See 並・1) medium; average; middle; (2) moderation; (3) (abbr) (See 中一,中学校) middle school; (4) (abbr) (See 中国・1) China; (n-suf) (5) (See 中・じゅう・2) in; out of (e.g. three out of ten people); (6) (See 話し中) during (a certain time when one did or is doing something); under (construction, etc.); while; (P)[edict]
- (n) (1) inside; in; (2) among; within; (3) center (centre); middle; (4) during; while; (P)[edict]
- (n,adj-no) (1) inside; within; (2) (also 裡) while; (3) among; amongst; between; (pn,adj-no) (4) (See 家・うち・2) we (referring to one's in-group, i.e. company, etc.); our; (5) my spouse; (n) (6) (arch) imperial palace grounds; (7) (arch) emperor; (pn,adj-no) (8) (ksb[edict]
- かためる
- (v1,vt) (1) (See 土を固める・つちをかためる) to harden; to freeze; to strengthen; to solidify; to make (a fist); to tramp down (snow, dirt); (2) to put together; to collect; to gather; to consolidate; (3) (See 身を固める・みをかためる) to make secure; to stabilize; to settle down; to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.); to establish (evidence); (4) (See 国境を固める・こっきょうをかためる,嘘で固める・うそでかためる) to fortify; to reinforce; to support; (5) (in the form に身をかためる) to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.); (6) to swear; to resolutely vow; to sincerely promise; (7) to tie tightly; to fasten; (8) to hold a bow fully drawn; (P)[edict]
- かためる
- (v1,vt) (1) (See 土を固める・つちをかためる) to harden; to freeze; to strengthen; to solidify; to make (a fist); to tramp down (snow, dirt); (2) to put together; to collect; to gather; to consolidate; (3) (See 身を固める・みをかためる) to make secure; to stabilize; to settle down; to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.); to establish (evidence); (4) (See 国境を固める・こっきょうをかためる,嘘で固める・うそでかためる) to fortify; to reinforce; to support; (5) (in the form に身をかためる) to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.); (6) to swear; to resolutely vow; to sincerely promise; (7) to tie tightly; to fasten; (8) to hold a bow fully drawn; (P)[edict]
- つくる
- (v5r,vt) (1) (造る usu. for large-scale building, manufacturing, etc. 創る usu. for creating) to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct; (2) to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); (3) (See 野菜を作る) to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train; (4) to till; (5) to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write; (6) to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose; (7) to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found; (8) to have (a child); (9) to make up (one's face, etc.); (10) to fabricate (an excuse, etc.); (11) to form (a line, etc.); (12) to set (a record); (13) to commit (a sin, etc.); (P)[edict]