all; both (if two things are involved); entirely (due to) each; even; already[cedict]
capital city; metropolis; surname Du[cedict]
是
shìㄕˋ
is; are; am; yes; to be[cedict]
由
yóuㄧㄡˊ
to follow; from; it is for...to; reason; cause; because of; due to; to; to leave it (to sb); by (introduces passive verb)[cedict]
政委
zhèng wěiㄓㄥˋ ㄨㄟˇ
political commissar (within the army)[cedict]
掌握
zhǎng wòㄓㄤˇ ㄨㄛˋ
to grasp (often fig.); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency; to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny)[cedict]
的
deㄉㄜ˙
díㄉㄧˊ
dìㄉㄧˋ
of; structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding possessive or descriptive attributive[cedict]