on; on top; upon; first (of two parts); previous or last (week etc); upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; above; to go up; to attend (class or university); third tone of putonghua[cedict]
留下
liú xiàㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
remain[cedict]
篡改
cuàn gǎiㄘㄨㄢˋ ㄍㄞˇ
to tamper with; to falsify[cedict]
过
guòㄍㄨㄛˋ
(experienced action marker); to cross; to go over; to pass (time); to celebrate (a holiday); to live; to get along; excessively; too-; surname Guo[cedict]
的
deㄉㄜ˙
díㄉㄧˊ
dìㄉㄧˋ
of; structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding possessive or descriptive attributive[cedict]