by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses); to cover; to wear[cedict]
诅咒
zǔ zhòuㄗㄨˇ ㄓㄡˋ
curse[cedict]
作为
zuò wéiㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄟˊ
one's conduct; deed; activity; accomplishment; achievement; to act as; as (in the capacity of); qua; to view as; to look upon (sth as); to take sth to be[cedict]