nín
yǐjīng
已经
tōngguò
通过
bēngkùi
崩溃
dǎozhì
导致
yòngyǐ
用以
bèi
zhìdùhuà
制度化
รายการคำศัพท์
  • you (formal)[cedict]
nínㄋㄧㄣˊ
  • already[cedict]
yǐ jīngㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄥ
  • by means of; through; via; to adopt; to pass through; to get through; to switch over[cedict]
tōng guòㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˋ
  • collapse; crumble; fall apart[cedict]
bēng kuìㄅㄥ ㄎㄨㄟˋ
  • to lead to; to create; to cause; to bring about[cedict]
dǎo zhìㄉㄠˇ ㄓˋ
  • you[cedict]
ㄋㄧˇ
  • in order to; so as to[cedict]
yòng yǐㄩㄥˋ ㄧˇ
  • by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses); to cover; to wear[cedict]
bèiㄅㄟˋ
  • (n,vs) institutionalization[edict]