all; both (if two things are involved); entirely (due to) each; even; already[cedict]
capital city; metropolis; surname Du[cedict]
上
shàngㄕㄤˋ
on; on top; upon; first (of two parts); previous or last (week etc); upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; above; to go up; to attend (class or university); third tone of putonghua[cedict]