once; already; former; previously; ever; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)[cedict]
參加
cān jiāㄘㄢ ㄐㄧㄚ
to participate; to take part; to join[cedict]
過
guòㄍㄨㄛˋ
(experienced action marker); to cross; to go over; to pass (time); to celebrate (a holiday); to live; to get along; excessively; too-; surname Guo[cedict]
戰爭
zhàn zhēngㄓㄢˋ ㄓㄥ
war; conflict[cedict]
麼
meㄇㄜ˙
suffix, used to form interrogative 甚麼|什么, what?, indefinite 這麼|这么 thus etc[cedict]